In the context of jail or prison, “23 and 1” refers to a schedule or routine where an inmate is confined to their cell for 23 hours a day and allowed out for only 1 hour of recreation or exercise. This type of confinement is often referred to as “23-hour lockdown” or “23/1 confinement.”

During the 1 hour out of the cell, inmates may have the opportunity to engage in activities such as exercising in a designated area, taking a shower, making phone calls, or participating in other recreational activities. The remaining 23 hours of the day are spent inside the cell, where inmates have limited interaction with others and minimal freedom of movement.

23/1 confinement is typically used as a form of disciplinary segregation or for inmates who are deemed to pose a security risk to themselves or others. It may also be used for protective custody or for administrative purposes, such as during investigations or when managing overcrowded conditions in a jail or prison facility.